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American Clay developed to overcome the low temperature limit ultracapacitors

Core Tip: In nature , clay abundant and cheap , but it can become a key component of ultracapacitors . It is understood that U.S. scientists at Rice University and one electrolyte mixture of clay , developed a both when the electrolyte can use an isolation plate "composite board" can be used as a new type of high-temperature super- capacitors.
In nature , the clay abundant and cheap , but it can become a key component of ultracapacitors . It is understood that U.S. scientists at Rice University and one electrolyte mixture of clay , developed a both when the electrolyte can use an isolation plate "composite board" can be used as a new type of high-temperature super- capacitors.
"Over the years , researchers have been trying to create such as batteries and super capacitors in high temperature stable work environment for energy storage devices, but due to the constraints of the traditional nature of the material itself has been unable to overcome the problem ." Rice University materials scientist Pa · a Jiaen in Ke said, " our innovation is to find a stable at high temperatures , non-traditional electrolyte / separator system ."
They studied European and Austrian scientists in 2009 developed a room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). RTILs lower conductivity at room temperature , but will reduce the viscosity after heating and improved conductivity . Clay has a high thermal stability , adsorption capacity and permeability, a large active surface area . Commonly used in oil drilling , modern architecture or steel casting .
Researchers RTILs and nature equal mixture of bentonite clay , made ​​of a mixture of glue , be caught in the middle of two layers of graphite oxide reduction , up and down and then loaded two collector , it becomes a super capacitor . Tested and electron microscopy images show that this material is heated to 200 ℃, does not change , even if heated to 300 ℃ are only small changes.
"Materials ionic conductivity at 180 ℃ increased until nearly straight , and then at 200 ℃ saturated ." Papers lead author , Rice University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Researchers Alava · Reddy said. Tests also found that , although the first charge / discharge , a slight decrease of its capacity , but the super capacitor can be stably test cycle by 10,000 times . At operating temperatures from room temperature up to 200 ℃ , whether energy or power density two orders of magnitude.
This new super capacitor has a capacitance of the best performance that can be recharged in a few seconds while the instantaneous discharge , rechargeable batteries are generally slow charging , discharging gradually as needed . Ideal to quickly charge the supercapacitor , electricity storage and discharge on demand . A Jiaen that they can be at 200 ℃ temperatures may be even higher stability. This is used in extreme environments charging equipment is very useful , such as oil drilling , military and space environment .
Research team will also RTILs / thermoplastic polyurethane with a small amount of clay and to prepare a thin film can be cut into different sizes and shapes , the design flexibility to adapt to a variety of devices .
"Our aim is to overcome the traditional limitations of liquid or gel electrolyte , they can only be used in low temperature electrochemical energy devices ." Reddy said , "The research so that people can in a wider temperature range safety operations, while do not have the energy , power and cycle life compromise between compromise and greatly improve or even eliminate the need for expensive thermal management system requirements . "